肿瘤科护士共情对乳腺癌患者心理痛苦和益处发现的影响

Effects of empathy of oncology nurses on psychological distress and benefit finding in breast cancer patients

目的研究肿瘤科护士共情对乳腺癌患者心理痛苦和益处发现的影响。方法随机抽取30位肿瘤科护士，运用人际反应指针量表（IRI—C）测量其共情分数，并根据共情分数分为三组。随机抽取每位护士的12位乳腺癌患者，用心理痛苦温度计和益处发现量表测量其心理痛苦和益处发现。用非参数检验比较不同组别患者的心理痛苦和益处发现。通过Spearman相关分析和Logistic回归分析护士共情对患者心理痛苦和益处发现的影响。结果护士共情总分为（44．87±17．23）分，三组护士的共情分差异有统计学意义（F=55．941，P〈0．01）。人院时，三组患者的心理痛苦[低分组：5．0（4．0，6．0）分，中分组：5．0（4．0，6．0）分，高分组：5．0（4．0，6．0）分]和益处发现[低分组：47．5（42．0，52．8）分，中分组：48．0（43．0，54．0）分，高分组：46．0（42．0，52．0）分]差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。出院时，高分组护士的患者心理痛苦低于低分组（P〈0．01），益处发现高于低分组（P〈0．01）。护士共情能力与患者心理痛苦呈负相关（r=-0．470，P〈0．01），与患者益处发现呈正相关（r=0．521，P〈0．01）。在均衡其他因素后，高分组丰户士的患者心理痛苦较低分组护士的患者更低（95％CI=0．042—0．397），益处发现更高（95％C1=0．095-0．554）。结论肿瘤科护士共情影响乳腺癌患者心理痛苦和益处发现，其共情能力需要进一步加强。

Objective To verify the influence of oncology nurses empathy on the psychological dis- tress and benefit finding in breast cancer patients. Methods 30 oncology nurses were selected by random sampling and their empathy scores were measured with the interpersonal reactivity index （IRI-C）.And they were divided into three groups based on empathy scores. 12 breast cancer patients from each primary nurse were selected by random sampling.Their psychological distress and benefit finding were measured by distress thermometer （DT） and benefit finding scale （BFS）.Variance analysis was used to compare psychological distress and benefit finding among patients in different groups.The effect of nurse empathy on patients psy- chological distress and benefit finding was measured by Spearman correlation analysis and logistic regression. Results The empathy score of nurses was （ 44. 87±17. 23 ） . The difference of empathy score in the three groups of nurses was statistically significant （F= 55.941 ,P〈0.01 ）.There was no significant difference in psy- chological distress （ low-score group ： 5.0 （ 4.0,6.0 ） , middle-score group ： 5.0 （ 4.0,6.0 ） , high-score group ： 5.0 （ 4.0,6.0 ） ） and benefit finding （ low-score group ： 47.5 （ 42.0,52.8 ） , middle-score group ：48.0 （ 43.0,54.0 ） , high-score group ：46.0 （42.0,52.0） ） in the three groups of patients at admission （P〉 0.05 ） , while at dis- charge, the psychological distress of the patients in the high-score nurse group was lower than that of the low- score nurse group （P〈0.01） ,and the benefit was higher than that of the low-score group （P〈0.01） .There was a negative correlation between the nurses＂ empathy abilities and patients＂ psychological distress （r=-0.470, P〈0.01 ） , and a positive correlation between the nurses＇empathy abilities with the patients＂ benefit finding （r=0.521 ,P〈0.01 ）.When controlling for other variables, patients in nurse group with higher empathy scores would result in lower psychological distress （ 95% CI = 0.042-0.397 ） and higher benefit finding （ 95% CI = 0.095-0.554） than patients in nurse group with lower empathy scores.Conclusion Oncology nurses＂ empa- thy effect breast cancer patients＂ psychological distress and benefit finding.Nurses should enhance their empa- thy further.