糖尿病危险因素研究

Risk factors for diabetes

全球糖尿病发病率增长迅猛,2010年中国的患病率高达11.6%,糖尿病已成为公共卫生面临的巨大挑战。糖尿病病因尚不能完全明确,潜在的危险因素主要包含遗传因素、环境因素及二者的交互作用等。全基因组关联研究已发现一系列基因多态性位点与糖尿病密切相关;许多环境因素,如能量摄入过多和体力活动不足等可增加糖尿病风险;遗传与环境因素也可通过交互作用互相修饰疾病风险。随着分子分析技术的发展,后基因组学研究、肠道微生物群、跨多组学技术为糖尿病危险因素研究提供了新方向。

Globally,the incidence of diabetes has grown rapidly. The prevalence of diabetes in China was 11.6% in2010. Diabetes has become a huge challenge for public health. The cause of diabetes is not yet completely clear. Potential risk factors include genetic factors, environmental factors, and interactions between the two. Genome-wide association studies have found a series of genetic variants that are closely related to diabetes. Several environmental factors, such as excessive energy intake and lack of physical activity, have been associated with increased risk of diabetes. In the meanwhile, genetic and environmental factors could modify each other＇s effect on diabetes risk. With the advent of molecular techniques, post-genomics research, gut microbiota, and trans-omics have provided novel perspectives for the study of diabetes risk factors.