川北金钗石斛引种及仿野生栽培试验

Introduction and imitative wild cultivation of Dendrobium nobile in north of Sichuan

为探讨金钗石斛是否适合川北地区种植,本研究将合江金钗石斛引种到秦巴山区栽培.对引种两年后大棚和林下两种仿野生栽培模式下的金钗石斛进行测量和评估.林下贴石栽培组可达98.73%的存活率和平均每株1.41个新芽;林下栽培组的茎长和叶长约9.5cm和7.2cm;而大棚栽培组分别只有6.6cm和5.1cm;林下栽培组一年生和两年生叶片的叶绿素含量分别为37.3SPAD和26.3SPAD,与大棚栽培组相比无显著差异;林下栽培组的遮光率和大棚栽培组相比无显著差异,但遮光率的SD值在林下栽培组和大棚栽培组分别为26.63和13.31.试验表明,金钗石斛在川北的最佳引种时间为每年春季,林下条件较为适宜,以林下贴石栽培效果最好.

To investigate whether it is adapted to cultivate in north of Sichuan, Dendrobium nobile from Hejiang was introduced to Qin-ba mountainous area. Two years after introduction, they were measured and evaluated under two imitative wild cultivation models, greenhouse and understory. The 98.73% of survival rates and average 1.41 shoot numbers per plant in stone-attached understory group were the highest. The length of stem and leaf were 9.5 cm and 7.2 cm in understory groups, while they were on- ly 6.6 cm and 5.1 cm in greenhouse groups. The chlorophyll contents in one-year-old and two-year-old leaves were 37.3 SPAD and 26.3 SPAD in understory groups, respectively. While, there was no signifi- cant variance between them in greenhouse groups. The sunshine-shading rates in understory groups didn＇t show significant variances to that in greenhouse groups. But SD values of sunshine-shading rates were 26.63 in understory groups and 13.31 in greenhouse groups. This experiment found that the best introduction time of Dendrobium nobile in north of Sichuan was spring per year. The conditions in un- derstory were more suitable, and stone-attached understory cultivation was the best and low cost.