冠心病住院患者健康教育中健康信念模式的应用研究

Application of health belief model in health education for inpatients with coronary heart disease

目的探讨冠心病住院患者健康教育中健康信念模式的应用效果。方法选择2015年6月至2017年6月期间普宁华侨医院收治的100例住院冠心病患者为研究对象,根据随机数表法分为对照组和观察组,每组50例,对照组予常规健康教育,观察组在健康教育中应用健康信念模式,干预时间为两周。比较两组患者干预前后冠心病相关知识评价调查表(PKS-CHD)及生活质量(SF-36量表)评分的变化。结果干预后,观察组患者的PKSCHD各项评分(概念、危险因素、诱发因素、临床表现、检查、治疗、药物、康复)及总分均明显高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组患者的SF-36量表生理健康总评分(PCS)和心理健康总评分(MCS)分别为(63.78±5.34)分、(62.64±4.83)分,明显高于对照组的(59.14±4.96)分、(58.91±3.67)分,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论冠心病住院患者健康教育中应用健康信念模式,可以有效增加患者的疾病相关知识,有助于正确的行为生活方式的采纳及生活质量的提高。

Objective To explore the application of health belief model in health education for hospitalized patients with coronary heart disease. Methods From June 2015 to June 2017, 100 inpatients of coronary heart disease in Puning Overseas Chinese Hospital, according to the random number table, were divided into observation and control group, with 50 patients in each group. The control group received routine health education, and the observation group received health education with application of health belief model. The intervention lasted for 2 weeks in both groups. The changes of coronary heart disease related knowledge assessment questionnaire（PKS-CHD） and quality of life（SF-36）score were compared before and after intervention. Results After the intervention, PKS-CHD score in the observation group（the concept, risk factors, predisposing factors, clinical manifestation, examination, treatment, medication, rehabilitation） and total scores were significantly higher than those in the control group（P〈0.05）. The physical component score（PCS） and Mental component score（MCS） of SF-36 in observation group respectively were（63.78±5.34）,（62.64±4.83）,significantly higher than（59.14 ± 4.96）,（58.91 ± 3.67） in the control group（P〈0.05）. Conclusion The application of health belief model in the health education of hospitalized patients with coronary heart disease can effectively increase the related knowledge of disease, and help to adopt the correct behavior life style and improve the quality of life.