不同风速下巷道断面微细粉尘分布模拟试验研究

Simulation experimental study on fine dust distribution over roadway section under different wind speeds

为降低微细粉尘危害,实现作业场所内的有效控尘、防尘,在矩形、拱形模拟巷道内采用网格布点法布置测点,调整风机风速法进行试验,并运用Gambit建模、Fluent开展数值模拟分析。结果表明：当尘源以10 mg/s的速率喷尘时,尘粒自由弥散,巷道中轴线处粉尘浓度小于壁面边缘处;当调节风速为1 m/s时,中轴线处与壁面边缘处浓度基本相等;当尘粒自由弥散时巷道壁的黏滞作用对粉尘扩散和分布起主导作用,且风速是影响微细粉尘悬浮状态的主要因素;降低巷道内微细粉尘浓度的方法主要包括合理设计环境风速和提高巷道壁面光滑性,减小壁面对微细粉尘的黏滞作用。

To reduce harm of fine dust and realize effective control and prevention of dust on the operation site,experiments were carried out in rectangle and arch simulation roadways. The grid point distribution method was adopted to lay out the testing points and the method of adjusting the wind speed was adopted.Besides,a numerical simulation analysis was carried out by virtue of Gambit modeling and Fluent. The result indicates that when the dust source sprays dust at a speed of 10 mg/s,the dust particles disperse freely and the dust concentration on the axis of the roadway is less than that on the edge of the wall surface,when the wind speed is l m/s,the concentration on the axis and that on the edge of the surface are generally the same,when the dust particles disperse freely,the viscous effect of the roadway wall dominates the dispersion and distribution of dust and the wind speed is the main factor affecting the floating status of the fine dust,and that the ways of reducing the concentration of the fine dust in the roadway mainly include reasonable design of wind speed in the environment,improvement of the smoothness of the wall surface of the roadway and reduction of the viscous effect of the wall surface for the fine dust.