我国医院人文护理实践现状的文献计量学分析

The situation of hospital humanistic caring practice in China： a bibliometric study

目的了解我国医院人文护理实践的现状，为以后人文护理实践工作和研究提供参考。方法检索中国生物医学数据库、万方数据库、中国期刊全文数据库从建库至2016年6月发表的关于人文护理临床实践应用的文献，运用文献计量学方法进行分析。结果共检索筛选出文献181篇，从2004年起文献发表呈递增趋势，60％（108／181）在东部沿海三级综合医院实践应用，应用科室及人群广泛，但多为单一科室应用，试验对照研究占61％（111／181）；人文护理措施中有40％以上的文献强调了心理护理、人文环境、沟通的重要性；评价指标以满意度、心理指标等患者主观感受指标居多。结论人文护理实践应用广泛，越来越受到重视，但目前国内缺乏指导护士实施人文护理具体可行的实践规范以及评价标准，研究方法不尽完善，有待进一步的探索。

Objective To analyze the situation of the hospital humanistic caring in our country and provide a reference for the later humanistic nursing practice and research. Methods Relevant literature were searched in Chinese Biomedical Database, Wanfang Database, China National Knowledge Infrastructure from their establishment to June 2016 and analyzed with bibliometric methods. Results A total of 181 studies were included. The data analysis showed an increasing trend since 2004. Humanistic nursing was more applied to the vast general hospitals in the eastern coastal region of China （60%, 108/181）. Besides, the humanistic nursing researches were mainly in single department. Of the total, random control trial accounted for the most substantial proportion （61%, 111/181）. 40% of the researchers considered the human environment, psychological care and communication as the most crucial humanistic nursing measures. Assessment index including satisfaction, psychology was mostly used to evaluate the effect of these measures. Conclusions Humanistic nursing is practiced widely. However, there are still some problems in the research methods. There are no standards of practice and evaluation, so these need to be further explored.