广义平均传播长度指标及在全球生产链分析中的应用

Generalized Average Propagation Length and Its Application to Global Production Chain Analysis

传统的平均传播长度指标(APL)刻画了两个部门之间的平均距离。然而,回答很多全球生产链相关的问题需要使用两组部门之间的APL。本文将传统的单个部门之间的APL扩展为任意两组部门之间的APL,提出了广义的APL(GAPL)。并且利用GAPL指标研究了世界各国在全球制造业生产链中的位置及随时间的演化情况。研究发现,在全球制造业生产链中专门从事中间品生产活动的经济体位于生产链的上游,而专门从事最终品生产活动的国家则位于生产链的下游。

The traditional Average Propagation Length(APL） measures the length of linkage between two industries. Global production chain studies,however,require investigating the length of linkage between two groups of industries. To fill this gap,we develop the socalled Generalized Average Propagation Length(GAPL）. The GAPL can measure the length of linkage between any two groups of industries. The traditional APL and its variants(such as the＂upstreamness measure＂） are all special cases of the GAPL. We investigate the position of countries in the global production chain of manufacturing products by means of GAPL. We find that countries that specialize in activities of producing intermediate products are located at the upstream of the global manufacturing production chain; countries that specialize in activities of producing final products are located at the downstream.