高速列车通风式制动盘的散热特性分析

Analysis of Heat Dissipation Performance for Ventilated Brake Disc in High Speed Train

通风式制动盘的散热特性对提高列车的制动性能至关重要,筋板结构是影响通风式制动盘散热特性的关键因素。本文考虑了紧急制动工况,采用计算流体力学分析方法(Computational fluid dynamics,CFD)分析了不同筋板结构制动盘的散热特性,筋板结构类型包括径向直筋板结构(Z型)、圆弧筋板结构(A型)、矩形筋板结构(R型)和梯形筋板结构(T型)。研究了制动盘的温度分布、平均对流换热系数和总热流量的变化情况。结果表明:A型制动盘结构散热性能较好;与Z型制动盘相比,A型制动盘的温度分布较均匀,温度降低了7.3%;平均对流换热系数较高;总热流量提高了32.3%。因此,A型制动盘筋板结构可有效地提高制动盘的散热特性。

Heat dissipation performance for ventilated brake disc plays an important role in improving brake performance,and ribs structure is a key factor that influence on heat dissipation performance for ventilated brake disc. In this paper,the emergency braking condition was considered,and the computational fluid dynamics(CFD）method was applied to analyzethe brake disc which had four different ribs structure,including radial rib structure（Z-type）,arc rib structure（A-type） rectangular rib structure（R-type） and trapezoidal rib structure（T-type）.The temperature distribution,average convective heat transfer coefficient and total heat flux were studied on the brake disc. The results showed that the A-type brake disc had the better heat dissipation performance among the four kinds of different ribs structure; comparing with the Z-type brake disc,the A-type brake disc had the more uniform temperature distribution,in which the temperature fell 7. 3%,higher average convective heat transfer coefficient and total heat flux improved 32.3%. Hence,the A-type rib structure could effectively improve the heat dissipation performance for ventilated brake disc.