2005年和2015年曲靖市2所学校学生体质量超标和肥胖状况比较

Comparison of prevalence states of overweight and obesity in students of two schools in Qujing City in 2005 and 2015

目的比较2005年和2015年2所中小学校学生体质量超标肥胖状况及变化趋势,为采取有效的干预措施提供参考。方法选择曲靖市重点中学及小学各1所,共11 516名学生,按《中国卫生监督统计报表学校卫生年报表技术规范》和《全国学生体质健康调研检测细则》的要求进行健康检查测量。结果曲靖市2所学校2005年至2015年中小学生体质量超标检出率中学生由7.63%升至10.85%(χ~2=18.801,P<0.05);小学生由8.36%上升至10.61%(χ~2=7.657,P<0.05);肥胖检出率中学生由5.56%升至8.37%(χ~2=18.487,P<0.05);小学生由6.96%上升至15.23%(χ~2=86.943,P<0.05);体质量超标检出率男生由8.80%升至11.97%(χ~2=16.456,P<0.05);女生检出率由6.86%上升至9.46%(χ~2=11.601,P<0.05);肥胖检出率男生由7.87%升至14.45%(χ~2=66.099,P<0.05);女生检出率由3.98%上升至8.85%(χ~2=49.030,P<0.05)。结论曲靖市中小学生体质量超标、肥胖处于增长趋势,小学生肥胖明显高于中学生,男生体质量超标和肥胖明显高于女生。需要采取相应的干预措施。

Objective To compare the prevalence states and trends of overweight and obesity in students of two schools in Qujing City in 2005 and 2015, so as to provide the reference for adopting the intervention and control measures.Methods A total of 11 516 students of one key secondary school and one key primary school were selected and examined according to The Technical Specification for Health Annual Report of Chinese Health Supervision and Statistics Report and The Rules of National Student Physical Health Survey and Inspection. Results The overweight rate of the secondary school students increased from 7.63% in 2005 to 10.85% in 2015（χ^2=18.801, P〈0.05）, while the rate of the primary school pupils increased from 8.36% in 2005 to 10.61% in 2015（χ^2=18.487, P〈0.05）. The detection rate of obesity of the secondary school students increased from 5.56% in 2005 to 8.37% in 2015（χ^2=18.487, P〈0.05）, while the rate in the primary school pupils increased from 6.96% in 2005 to 15.23% in 2015（χ^2=86.943, P〈0.05）. The overweight rate of the male students increased from8.80% in 2005 to 11.97% in 2015（χ^2=16.456, P〈0.05）, while the rate of the female students increased from 6.86% in 2005 to9.46% in 2015（χ^2=11.601, P〈0.05）. The detection rate of obesity of the male students increased from 7.87% in 2005 to14.45% in 2015（χ^2=66.099, P〈0.05）, while the rate of the female students from 3.98% in 2005 to 8.85% in 2015（χ^2=49.030,P〈0.05）. Conclusion The detection rates of overweight and obesity of the students in the secondary and primary schools in Qujing City present increasing trends. The detection rate of obesity in the primary school pupils is apparently higher than that in the in secondary school students. The detection rates of overweight and obesity of the male students are apparently higher than those of the female ones. Therefore, the relevant interventions should be adopted.