关于我国环保钻井液标准的探讨

Discussion on Standard for Environment-friendly Drilling Fluid in China

针对我国目前缺乏环保钻井液定义及判定标准问题,结合工程需要与废弃处置要求给出了环保钻井液的定义,并列举了陆地及海洋环境下环保钻井液目前可参考的污染排放控制标准。参考现行环境保护标准与法规,建立了一套环保钻井液的标准,该标准共包含生物毒性、生物降解性、石油类、重金属4大类10项评价指标,取各标准规范中较严格的控制指标并给出了具体参考值。在此标准指导下评价了常用的46种钻井液处理剂,实验结果显示仅8种处理剂满足环保标准。研究揭示我国目前缺乏符合所建标准的环保钻井液处理剂,未来应加强环保钻井液技术研究。

In view of the lack of definition and criteria for environment-friendly drilling fluid in China, the definition of environment-friendly drilling fluid is given based on the requirements of engineering and waste disposal, and the existing pollution control standardsfor environment-friendly drilling fluids in the land and ocean environment are listed. In reference to the current environmental protec-tion standards and regulations, the standard for environmental protection drilling fluid is set up. The standard contains 10 evaluation in-dexes of 4 categories： biotoxicity, biodegradability, petroleum content and heavy metal content, and their reference values are given ac-cording to the more stringent control indexes in the existing standards and specifications. Under the guidance of this standard, 46 com-monly used drilling fluid additives were evaluated. The results show that only 8 kinds of additives meet the environmental protectionstandard. Starch and natural polymers can not be applied to deep wells. The widely used asphalt treatment agents are of biotoxicity, theiroil content is exceeding the standard, and the substitute product is few. At present, Our country lacks the environment-friendly drillingfluid treatment agents that accords with the established standard, and therefore the research of environment-friendly drilling fluid tech-nology should be strengthened in the future.