我国农村社会保障制度:困境与对策

Social Security System in Rural China:Difficulties and Countermeasures

我国农村社会保障主要包括农村社会救济、农村社会保险和农村社会福利。农村社会保障制度的建立,一方面保障了农民的基本生存条件,有利于社会的稳定,但同时也存在相应的问题,在新形势下面临着农村人口城市化老龄化的冲击、家庭结构变化的冲击、地区发展不平衡、贫富差距拉大的冲击以及加入世贸组织所带来的冲击。因此,必须增强农民的社会保障意识,多渠道筹集社会保障基金,社会保障与家庭保障相结合,建立多层次的农村社会保障体系,加强农村社会保障的法制建设。

Social security system in rural China is mainly composed of social relief,social insurance and social welfare.Although problems and difficulties still exist,the establishment of rural social security system has still ensured social stability and the basic survival of farmers.Since rural social security system at present is confronted with impacts of urbanization and aging of rural population,transformation of family structure,imbalanced development among different regions,widening gap between the rich and the poor,and impacts of China's entry into WTO on agriculture,it is thus essential to heighten farmers' awareness of social security,to raise funds from multi-channels,to integrate social security with domestic security,to establish a multilevel rural social security system,and to strengthen the legislation of the rural social security system.