355例新生儿高胆红素血症原发病的调查与分析

Investigation and analysis of primary diseases in 355 neonatal hyperbilirubinemia cases

目的调查新生儿高胆红素血症的原发病并分析其各自的病例特点。方法选取2017年1~12月我院收治的新生儿高胆红素血症355例,对新生儿高胆红素血症原发病进行调查与统计、分析,并归纳各自的病例特点。结果新生儿感染在所有新生儿高胆红素血症病例中发病率最高,占41.4%;其余病因还见于母乳性黄疸、G6PD缺乏症、新生儿ABO溶血症、头皮血肿等;病例特点:新生儿感染、新生儿感染+G6PD缺乏症、新生儿感染+新生儿ABO溶血、新生儿感染+头皮血肿:起病早、进展快、程度重;G6PD缺乏症、新生儿ABO溶血:起病早、进展快:头皮血肿:持续时间长,其他组病例特点:持续时间长、程度重。结论 355例新生儿高胆红素血症在临床上原发病以新生儿感染最常见。不同原发病引起的高胆红素血症病例特点各有差异。

Objective To investigate the prevalence of primary diseases leading to neonatal hyperbilirubinemia and analyze the characteristics of their respective cases in order to guide clinical observation,identify the cause of the diseases as early as possible,treat the cause,and prevent the disease progression and the occurrence of bilirubin encephalopathy.Methods From January to December 2017,the primary diseases in 355 neonatal hyperbilirubinemia cases hospitalized in Department of Neonatology in our hospital were investigated,analyzed,and summarized their characteristics.Results The incidence of neonatal infection was highest in all cases of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia,accounting for 41.4%.The remaining etiologies were breast milk jaundice,G6 PD deficiency,neonatal ABO hemolysis,scalp hematoma,etc.Cases in neonatal infection,neonatal infection ＋G6 PD deficiency,neonatal infection ＋neonatal ABO hemolysis,and neonatal infection＋scalp hematoma were presented with early onset,rapid progression,and severity.For G6 PD deficiency and neonatal ABO hemolysis,the cases were featured by early onset and rapid progression.For scalp hematoma,the cases were characterized by long duration.For other groups of cases,they were featured by long duration and severity.Conclusion Among 355 cases of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia,the most common primary disease is neonatal infection in clinic.Differences are presented in the characteristics of hyperbilirubinemia cases caused by various primary diseases.