西学东渐背景下中国传统“自由”思想的现代转换及其影响

The Modern Transformation of Traditional Thought on “Liberty” in China and Its Influence: In the Context of Western Learning to the East

现代中国语境下的"自由"概念在含义上受到了西学的明显影响,一方面以中国传统词汇容纳西方含义,另一方面又以传统含义濡染西学内容。中国现代政治意识谱系中的"自由",虽则往往与西学相对应,但在骨子里不免包含着来自传统中国"自由"含义的整体性影响,表现为不同程度的对现代自由的"误读"。西学东渐中的"自由"含义绕不开中国传统自由观对它的过滤、濡染与改造,而中国传统自由观也在互动过程中变得亦中亦西、中西混杂。虽然中国传统自由观并无现代意义上的自由含义,但中国现代政治意识所需要的自由含义的建构,又在根本上受制于传统自由在含义上的现代转换,传统自由现代转换的程度,在根本上决定着中国现代政治意识建构的成熟程度。

In the context of modern China,the concept of liberty is obviously influenced by the Western learning in its meaning.On the one hand,the concept of"liberty"in the context of modern China contains the meaning of the West;and on the other hand,the content of the Western learning is influenced by traditional meanings.In modern Chinese political conciousness,the meaning of liberty is correspondent with the Western learning;but in nature,it also contains thte holistic influence from the meanings of the word in traditional Chinese society,showing different levels of misreading of modern liberty.Now,the meaning of liberty is mixed up with both Chinese and Western meaning:on the one hand,the meaning of"liberty"in the process of Western learning to the East is inevitable to?avoid the filtration,influence,and modification of the traditional Chinese meaning;and on the other hand,the concept in traditional Chinese context also changed gradually in the process of interaction.Although there contains no meaning of liberty in a modern sense within China’s traditional idea of liberty,the construction of liberty required by modern Chinese political conciousness,as well as the maturity of this construction,are radically subjected to the modern transformation of the tradtional concept.