《万密斋医学全书》附案考

Study on Medical Records of Wanmizhai Medical Encyclopedia

万全,明代著名医家,著述颇丰,其孙万达将其著述刊为《万密斋医学全书》。该书共收录医案402则,其中《养生四要》1则,《保命歌括》26则,《广嗣纪要》88则,《万氏女科》2则,《育婴家秘》5则,《幼科发挥》148则,《痘疹心法》132则,《伤寒摘锦》《片玉心书》《片玉痘疹》三书中,均未收录医案。这些医案中,有16则并非万全所作,包括李东垣、朱丹溪、钱乙、刘中安、杨吉老、其父菊轩、王师复、方士等人的医案,故书中由万全所作医案为386则。去除重复,《万密斋医学全书》共收录医案349则。按不同科别分类,儿科医案186则,内科医案24则,妇科医案9则,外科医案1则,痘疹科医案129则。在这些医案中,有20则是万全为其家人诊病时所记录。万全在治疗疾病时,辨证准确,组方严谨,遣方用药,颇有见地。研究其医案,可为后世探求其学术思想,考证其生平史事,提供鲜明的资料。

WAN Quan is a famous doctor of Ming dynasty,whose prolific works were compiled as Wan- mizhai Medical Encyclopedia by his grandson WAN Da. The book contains a total of 402 medical cases. Yangsheng Siyao includes 1 medical record,Baoming Gekuo 26 records,Guangsi Ji yao 88 records,Wanshi Nyuke 2 records,Yuying Jiami 5 records,Youke Fahui 148 records,Douzhen Xinfa 132 records. However, medical records are not included in the other 3 books--Shangan Zhaijin,Pianyu Xinshu and P/anyu Douzhen. All the records are made by WAN Quan except 16 cases,which were inherited from LI Dongyuan,ZHU Danxi, QIAN Yi, LIU Zhong＇ an, YANG Jilao, JYU Xuan （WAN Quan＇ s father）, WANG Shifu, FANG Shi and so on. So WAN Quan made 386 medical records. Except the duplications,349 records were adopted in Wanmzhai Medical Encyclopedia. There are 186 pediatric cases,24 internal medical cases,9 gy-necological cases,1 surgical case and 129 cases of smallpox. Among them,20 cases were made for his family. In the treatment,WAN Quan differentiates accurately and prescribes carefully. Wanmizhai Medical En-cyclopedia is a good reference for the later generations to probe into his medical thoughts and personal affairs.