农村土地权利配置与土地金融化发展

The Allocation of Rural Land Rights and the Development of Land Finance

农村土地作为最优良的抵押品,能最大限度地提高农民资产水平和保障债权人安全,其金融化发展可以有效实现农民资产向资本的转化,及促进农民财富的增加。土地金融以土地抵押权为基础,当前农村存在严重的金融排斥,其根本原因就在于目前农村集体所有制下对土地产权完整性的限制,土地资产缺少向资本转化的渠道。基于此,本文对集体产权制度及土地金融的历史流变进行梳理,通过引入数理模型,对产权制度与土地金融的关系进行论证,分析集体产权制度对土地金融化发展的限制作用机理,得出下一步集体产权制度改革方向,即通过虚化集体所有制,坐实农民对土地的处置权,来激活农村土地金融市场,进一步实现农民财富的增加,同时明确集体产权制度改革与土地金融化发展的路径选择。

Rural land is one of the most excellent collateral, to maximize asset level of the farmers and protect the creditors, the financial development of rural land can effectively achieve the assets of farmers to increase the capital transfer,and promote farmers＇ wealth. Land finance is based on land mortgage, the current rural financial exclusion is serious, the fundamental reason lies in the current rural collective ownership of land property rights integrity constraints, and the lack of land assets to capital conversion channels. Based on this, the history of collective property rights system and land finance was reviewed by introducing the mathematical model of the relationship between financial demonstration of property rights and land finance, analysis of the mechanism of restriction of collective property rights system of land financial development,that set the direction of the reform of property right system under the step, namely through weakening collective and confirming the farmers＇ right of the land, to activate the rural land financial market, further to increase the realization of farmers＇ wealth, and clear the collective property rights system reform and path choice of the land finance development.