军队和地方院校医学生性格类型比较

Comparison of Character Types between Medical Students in Military Colleges and Those in Non-military Colleges

目的：比较军队和地方院校医学生的性格差异情况,为促进学生全面发展、提升高校个性化人才培养水平提供崭新视角。方法：应用MBTI量表,调查上海市某军队和地方院校在校医学生的性格类型。结果：（1）军队和地方院校医学生在内向-外向、思考-情感、判断-感知3个维度都有统计学差异（χ~2=21.539,63.361,28.048;P〈0.001）,在感觉-直觉维度没有差异（χ2=0.696,P=0.404）;（2）军队和地方院校医学生的16种人格类型比较有统计学差异（χ2=136.465,P〈0.001）;（3）军队和地方院校医学生在外向、内向、思考、情感、判断、感知6个端点的标准化得分都有统计学差异（t=4.811,5.113,9.585,9.303,7.473,7.167;P〈0.001）,在感觉、直觉2个端点没有差异（t=1.166,0.664;P=0.244,0.507）。一年级比较仅有思考、情感2个端点有差异（t=3.071,2.905;P=0.002,0.004）,二年级6个端点有差异（t=2.047,2.202,5.504,5.315,5.190,4.859;P〈0.05）,此后三、四年级变化不大。结论：军队院校和地方院校医学生性格类型有差异;性格类型变化主要出现在大二;共同的性格特征对于学习医学专业知识各有利弊。

Objective：To compare the character type differences between medical students in military colleges and those in non-military colleges,to provide new perspectives for promoting the all-round development of students and the personalized cultivation level of colleges.Methods：Using Myers-Briggs Type Indicator,we surveyed the medical students on campus in one military college and one non-military college in Shanghai.Results：（1）It showed statistical significance in E-I,T-F and J-P dimensions between medical students in military colleges and those in non-military colleges（χ2=21.539,63.361,28.048;P〈0.001）,still no difference in S-N dimension（χ2=0.696,P=0.404）.（2）It showed statistical significance in personality type between them（χ2=136.465,P〈0.001）.（3）It showed statistical significance in the standardized scores of 6 ends（Extroversion,Introversion,Thinking,Feeling,Judging and Perceiving）between them（t=4.811,5.113,9.585,9.303,7.473,7.167,P〈0.001）,still no difference in the scores of 2 ends（Sensing and Intuition）（t=1.166,0.664;P=0.244,0.507）.It showed statistical significance only in the scores of2 ends（Thinking and Feeling）between the freshmen in military medical colleges and those in non-military ones（t=3.071,2.905;P=0.002,0.004）.It showed statistical significance in the scores of 6 ends between the sophomores（t=2.047,2.202,5.504,5.315,5.190,4.859;P〈0.05）,and after that,the changes of both between the juniors and between the seniors were minor.Conclusion：The character types of medical students in military colleges are different from those in non-military colleges,and the changes occur mainly in the second-year.The common characters of medical students have both advantages and disadvantages for learning medical knowledge.