国家构建视野下的多元文化主义

On Multiculturalism in the Background of State Building

现代国家由同质化国家向多元文化国家的过渡、原子化个人向多重身份个人的转化,对国家构建过程中国家能力与合法性提出了新型挑战。多元文化主义作为一个新兴议题,成为西方自由民主国家解决国家构建与少数群体权利矛盾的重要选择。尽管目前关于多元文化主义这一观念的界定处于丛林状态,但其目标包括承认和尊重文化多样性和推进平等成为广泛共识。多元文化主义实质上是协调国家统一、平等和多样性三者关系的一种努力,需要在国家的主导下建设社会性文化,在社会中普遍形成统一的意愿,同时加强国家的能力建设。

The transfer from homogeneous to multicultural state,from atomic individual to multi-identity individual,both put great challenge to the ability and legitimacy of the state in the process of modern state building.Multiculturalism becomes an important choice for the western liberal countries to solve the problem of relationship between state building and minority rights.Although it still keeps controvercial about what multiculturalism means,they reach a basic consensus that it aims at recognizing and respecting the cultural diversity,and promoting equality among minorities and majority group.Multiculturalism is substantially attempting to balance the relationship between the three targets which modern state values highly,that is,unity,equality and diversity.It needs to create societal culture in guide of the state,build common will in society and strengthen the state ability as well.