2010～2016年瓦房店市猩红热疫情分析

Analysis on epidemics of scarlet fever,Wafangdian city,2010-2016

目的了解瓦房店市猩红热流行特征,为制定预防控制策略提供科学依据。方法采用描述性流行病方法分析瓦房店市2010~2016年猩红热疫情的三间分布。结果 2010~2016年瓦房店市共报告猩红热病人247例,年均发病率为3.75/10万。不同年份发病率差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。男女性别比为1.55∶1。发病年龄集中在3~10周岁,占发病总数的94.33%(233例);5~8岁组占发病总数65.99%(163例)。幼托儿童、散居儿童、学生分别占发病总数的48.18%(119例)、10.53%(26例)、41.30%(102例)。猩红热呈双峰型,高峰在5~7月(发病85例,占34.41%)和10月~12月(发病95例,占38.46%)。结论学龄前儿童和小学生是猩红热防控的重点人群,春末夏初和秋末冬初是重点防控季节。

Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of scarlet fever in Wafangdian city,so as to provide scientific basis for strategies for its control and prevention. Methods Descriptive epidemiological analysis was performed on three dimensional epidemic data of scarlet fever during 2010-2016. Results During 2010-2016,247 cases of scarlet fever were reported in Wafangdian city,the average annual incidence was 3.75/105.There was statistical significance among different years（P〈0.01）.The male to female ratio was 1.55 to 1.Cases were mainly in the 3-10 age groups,accounting for 94.33% of all cases.The highest prevalence age group was the 5-8 age group,accounting for65.99% of all cases.Kindergarten children,scattered children and students accounted for 48.18%,10.53% and 41.30%of all cases respectively.The incidence of scarlet fever had two seasonal peaks：the first peak was May-July;the second one was October-December. Conclusion Preschool children and pupils are the focus groups for prevention in Wafangdian city.The late spring to the early summer and the late autumn to the early winter are the focus seasons.