改革开放四十年来的我国农村土地制度变迁及其逻辑分析——以资源配置的效率与公平为视角

The Evolution of China Rural Land System and Its Institutional Logic over 40 Years in China——From the Perspective of Efficiency and Fairness of Resource Allocation

改革开放以来,关涉农村土地资源配置效率和公平的农地制度安排的得失之辩,(1)一直持续进行,且往往染有"非左即右"意识形态式思辨色彩。本文基于效率与公平"二维视野",以及土地、土地上的人、土地上的产业"三位一体"式分析框架的构建,对农地制度产权变革史(1978—2018年)展开剖析,审视了其间农村土地制度安排逻辑的变化、发展、联系及其转型,并在此基础上讨论了新的城乡关系何以重构,以及村镇经济秩序和社会结构何以塑造等议题。

This article examines the evolution of China's rural land system from historical perspective.as rural land property system swinging between efficiency and fairness in the past four decades( 1978-2018). In order to adapt to the changing rural land usage requirements, new regulations and arrangements have been introduced gradually to practice. Based on the analysis of the interaction between rural land,people who live upon rural lands and industries based on rural lands,this article reveals the forces driving the formation of existing land property rights framework. Last but not the least,the article assesses the 40 years evolution history of the rural land regulation system and discusses potential changes of the current system in the future.