中共革命话语体系中“阶级”概念的演变、理解与塑造(1921—1937)

The Evolution,Understanding,and Shaping of the Concept of “Class”in the CPC's Revolutionary Discourse System( 1921—1937)

阶级"这一概念经历了从服务于国民革命话语体系到成为中共革命话语体系核心的转变,其政治功能亦实现了从"阶级联合"到"塑造敌我"的变迁。不同时期中共对"阶级"的理解并不相同,总体而言,存在一个由是否参加劳动、资产多寡等表层现象向经济结构、政治压迫等深层问题发展的过程。中共用"阶级"辨识革命敌我,透过"共同利益"规训革命成员的阶级意识和身份认同,并以文本、标语等文化衍生品为载体不断撒播阶级话语。由此,阶级革命的话语逐渐渗透到革命的日常生活,转变为革命动员的政治力量。

The concept of ＂class＂ has undergone a transition from serving the national revolutionary discourse sys- tem to becoming the core of the CPC＇ s revolutionary discourse system, and its political functions have also changed from ＂the unity of the classes＂ to the ＂shaping of the enemies. ＂ During various periods, the CPC ／ has had different understandings of the idea of ＂class. ＂ In general, this has been a process of developing from superficial prob- lems, such as whether to participate in labor and the amount of assets, to deep-seated problems, such as the eco- nomic structure and political oppression. The CPC distinguished between enemies and ourselves through ＂class,＂ disciplined the class consciousness and identity of revolutionary members through ＂common interests,＂ and continued to spread class discourse through cultural derivatives, such as texts and slogans. As a result, the discourse on the class revolution gradually permeated revolutionary daily life and became a political force for revolutionary mobilization.