基于环境保护的拥挤收费定价研究

Research on Congestion Pricing for Environmental Protection

为了缓解城市交通拥挤和污染问题,从降低交通需求以及环境保护的角度,建立合理的机动车拥挤收费定价模型。以大连市6条拥堵路段为调查对象,开展道路交通流量和道路平均车速的交通调查,利用拥挤收费定价模型计算出定价,并通过博弈论模型进行征收范围确定,最后,通过SP/RP调查方法了解居民对拥挤收费的接受度,研究如何通过拥挤定价实现缓解交通压力的同时更大力度解决尾气污染的问题。研究表明,恰当设置交通拥挤收费将引导人们更多的向公共交通出行,未来城市交通拥挤情况能够得到明显改善,环境污染问题也能得到减缓。

To alleviate urban traffic congestion and solve pollution problems, from the angle of reducing traffic demand and from the perspective of environmental protection, a reasonable pricing model of congestion charging in motor vehicles is established. Taking the 6 main roads of Dalian City as the investigation object, the traffic flow and average speed are investigated. The pricing is calculated by using congestion pricing model and the scope of expropriation is determined by game theory model. Finally, this paper, through SP/RP survey method,obtains the residents＇ acceptance of congestion charges, studies how to alleviate the traffic pressure through congestion pricing and at the same time to make greater efforts to solve the problem of tail gas pollution. The research results shows that the proper setting of traffic congestion charges may guide people to rely more on public transport. And the future urban traffic can be significantly improved, and environmental pollution problems can be reduced greatly.