基于仿真的鲨鱼鳍结构性能分析与研究

Performance Analysis and Research of Shark Fin Structure Based on Simulation

以鲨鱼尾鳍、胸鳍与背鳍为对象,基于水动力数值仿真方法,研究3种不同流速条件下标本结构的压力场、速度场以及流场状态,给出力学性能分析与比较。结果表明为提高反卡门涡效应,尾翼的设置宽度可以参考设置为0.5~4.8 m;当仿生机器设备主要工作方向与水流方向是同一方向,在保证0.5~4.8 m的基础上,应将尾鳍宽度设计的相对窄;对于主要工作方向不在同一平面内的,则尾鳍宽度设计的相对宽;相同速度流场中的胸鳍所受力约等于背鳍的两倍,结构流线型弧度越好受到阻力越小。

The shark fin, the pectoral fin and the dorsal fin were studied based on the numerical simulation method; the pressure field, velocity field and flow field of the specimen structure were analyzed with three different flow velocities; the analysis and comparison of the mechanical properties of caudal fin, dorsal fin and pectoral fin were presented. The results show that the setting width of the tail fin can be set to 0.5 ~ 4.8 meters so as to improve the anti-karman vortex effect; the width of the tail fins should be relatively narrow in order to guarantee the base of 0.5 ~ 4.8 meters when the main working direction of the bionic machine equipment is in the same direction as the current direction; the width of the tail fins should be relatively wide for the main direction of work in the same plane; the force of the pectoral fins is about twice as much as the dorsal fin in the same velocity field, and the better the structural streamline, the lower the resistance.