六朝時期會稽郡的海外貿易——以古代中日之間的一條海上航道爲中心

The Overseas Trade in the Kuaiji Prefecture During the Six Dynasties:with special reference to a marine route between ancient China and Japan

《三國志·吴志》卷四七所載孫權遣衛温、諸葛直浮海求夷洲與亶洲史料中的"亶洲"當指日本,而"貨布"應是"貨市"之誤。早在東漢、三國時期,會稽郡與古代日本之間已存在一條海上航道,而當時的航海技術爲這一航道的存在提供了巨大的可能性。會稽郡爲當時中國南方地區銅鏡、瓷器、布帛、紙張等的重要産地,並且圍繞這些物資,有着活躍的市場交易。亶洲人來會稽的目的正在於此,他們的登陸地點當在會稽郡東部沿海的鄮縣和句章。而會稽市場上的人則對亶洲所産的明珠感興趣,雙方的交易推測以綿爲支付手段來進行。

The Records of Three Kingdoms mentions an episode that Sunquan sent two envoys on expedition in search of Yizhou and Danzhou.Here Danzhou refers to the present Japan,and the phrase"貨布"(purchasing the cloth)is a mistake for"貨市"(trade).Early in the later Han dynasty and the period of three kingdoms,there already existed a sea route between Japan and the Kuaiji prefecture,which was supported by the contemporary marine technology.The Kuaiji prefecture was an important center for the production of bronze mirror,porcelain,silk and paper in southern China.People from Danzhou were attracted to Kuaiji engaging in the trade of these commodities.Their landing sites are supposedly Maoxian and Juzhang,which are located in the east shore of the Kuaiji prefecture.Merchants in Kaiji were in need of the pearls from Japan.The two sides used silk as the medium of exchange.