创新网络嵌入与高技术企业研发人员创新绩效关系研究

Research on the Relationship between Innovation Network Embeddedness and Innovation Performance of High-tech Enterprise R&D Personnel

创新驱动的实质是人才驱动,企业技术管理的重要核心之一是人员管理。研发人员是高技术企业的核心人力资本和主导资源,具有典型的稀缺性、创造性、主导性、体验性以及高信息需求等异质性特征,能否采取切实有效措施满足研发人员的异质性需求,激活其创新潜力和活力,是提升高技术企业创新绩效和管理技术人员的关键。聚焦于高技术企业研发人员的异质性需求特征,运用创新网络嵌入理论,提出创新网络嵌入、创新效能感与创新绩效的关系假设模型;借鉴成熟量表,设计相关测量变量的调查问卷;利用Spss 19.0和Amos 21.0软件,对北京、上海、武汉、广州等地高技术企业研发人员的269个调查数据进行分析,考察创新网络嵌入对研发人员创新绩效的影响和作用机理,并验证创新效能感的中介作用。研究结果表明,高技术企业研发人员的创新网络结构嵌入对创新过程和创新结果均具有显著正向影响,而关系嵌入仅对创新过程具有正向影响;创新网络结构嵌入和关系嵌入对创新效能感均具有显著正向影响,创新效能感对创新过程和创新结果具有显著正向影响;创新效能感在研发人员结构嵌入和关系嵌入对创新过程的影响中起完全中介作用,在结构嵌入对创新结果的影响中起部分中介作用。从技术人员创新绩效管理的微观视角入手,探究高技术企业研发人员创新绩效的内涵、实质和影响因素,对高技术企业研发人员的创新网络嵌入与创新绩效的关系、创新效能感的中介作用以及创新网络嵌入与创新绩效的关系研究中关系嵌入悖论进行实证检验和解读,提出提升高技术企业研发人员创新绩效的创新网络嵌入式开发策略,包括聚焦产学研战略协同和集群创新、强化关系网络建设和位置管理、营造宽松氛围以提升创新效能感等。

The innovation driven essence is talent driven,and the core of enterprise technology management is personnel management. With typical heterogeneity characteristics of scarcity,creativity,dominance,experience and high information need,RD personnel is the core human capital and dominant resource for a high technology enterprise. Whether it can take effective measures to meet the heterogeneity needs of RD personnel,activate its innovative potential and vitality is the key to improve the innovation performance of high-tech enterprises.This paper focuses on the heterogeneity requirements and characteristics of RD personnel in the High-tech. Applying the theory of heterogeneous human capital,innovation network and network embeddedness theory,we construct a hypothesis model of network embeddedness,innovation efficacy and innovation performance. A questionnaire is designed for the related measurement variables by referencing the mature scales from domestic and overseas. A survey was conducted on the high-tech enterprises including Beijing,Shanghai,Wuhan and Guangzhou by questionnaire method. The survey data of 269 RD personnel was analyzed by SPSS 19. 0 and AMOS 21. 0 to inspect the effect and mechanism of network embeddedness on the innovation performance of RD personnel,and verify the intermediary role of innovation efficacy.The results indicate： the structural embeddedness of high-tech RD personnel has a significant positive impact on innovation process and innovation outcome,and relational embeddedness only has a significant impact on innovation process; both innovation network structural and relational embeddedness have a significant positive impact on innovation efficacy,and so does innovation efficacy on innovation process and innovation result; innovation efficacy plays a complete mediating role in the influence of RD personnel structural embeddedness and relational embeddedness on process innovation performance,and plays a part of the mediating role in the effect of structural embeddedness on the innovation results.Starting from the micro perspective of personnel management on technicians,this paper explores the essence,connotation and influencing factors of innovation performance of RD personnel in high-tech enterprises. Then the paper empirically validates and interprets the relationship between high-tech enterprise RD personnel innovation network embeddedness and innovation performance,the mediating effect of innovation efficacy and relational embeddedness paradox. According to the results of empirical research,the paper also proposes the development strategies of innovative embedded network of RD personnel in high-tech enterprises,including focusing on the strategic synergy of industry-university-institute cooperation and cluster innovation,strengthening the relationship network construction and location management,and creating a relaxed atmosphere to enhance innovation efficacy.