不同辅助提取方式对玳玳花精油挥发性成分的影响

Effect of different assisted extraction method on volatile compounds of the essential oil from Citrus aurantium L.var.amara Engl

采用传统水蒸气蒸馏(HD)、超声辅助水蒸气蒸馏(UAHD)和微波辅助水蒸气蒸馏(MAHD)3种方法提取玳玳花精油,使用气相色谱-质谱联用技术分析比较了精油挥发性成分。结果表明:使用HD、UAHD、MAHD技术提取的精油,可以鉴定出的化合物种类分别为30种、33种、50种,主要成分为芳樟醇、柠檬烯、乙酸芳樟酯、β-蒎烯、α-松油醇等。由于提取工艺不同,各种挥发性物质的含量和成分有一定的差异。与HD和UAHD相比,MAHD方法制备的精油得率较高,处理时间较短,可以作为一种高效、快速、节能的提取技术进行推广。

The essential oil was extracted from Citrus aurantium L. var. amara Engl by microwaveassisted hydrodistillation（MAHD）, ultrasound-assisted hydrodistillation（UAHD）and traditional hydrodistillation（HD）. The volatile compounds of the essential oil were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry（GC-MS）. As a result, 30,33 and 50 compounds were identifi ed by HD, UAHD, MAHD including linalool, limonene, linalyl acetate, β-pinene, α-terpineol. Due to different assisted extraction method, the main component and the relative content of the volatile compounds were different. Compared with HD and UAHD, the yield of MAHD was higher and extraction time was shortened. MAHD was a rapid, effi cient and environmentally friendly method of extraction.