论乾嘉道时期派令废员总办乌鲁木齐地方一切刑名钱粮事

Disgraced Officials Exiled in Xinjiang in the Qing Dynasty

清代乌鲁木齐自设立府厅州县,刑名钱粮事件日渐繁多。清廷向谪戍新疆的废员中,择"明白可靠者"派令帮办,以缓当地衙署办事乏人之需。通过查阅《清实录》、新疆地方志及中国第一历史档案馆馆藏档案等,详细梳理出乾隆、嘉庆、道光时期历任总办乌鲁木齐地方一切刑名钱粮事之18位废员的出身、原职、罪由、在戍奖惩等信息,据此以期勾勒清代派令废员充任"总办"之例,得以确立与演变的过程,并强调首任都统索诺木策凌在此间"成例"中所发挥的重要作用。

After the establishment of governmental organs in Xinjiang in the Qing Dynasty, civil affairs kept increasing. To make up for the lack of local government offices in Xinjiang, the Dynasty selected from the disgraced officials and appointed them assistants to the generals in dealing with local legal and civil affairs. Based on archives and other relevant official materials, this paper sorted out a list of the 18 appointed disgraced officials in Urumqi --- their origins, former posts, crimes and rewards and punishments in Xinjiang, and described the establishment and changes of the post of ＂general director＂ filled up by the disgraced officials. In addition, this paper emphasized the important role Sonom Cering, the first commander-in-chief, played in the entire process of this institutionalization.