金沙江干热河谷能源林树种及其培育技术

Tree Species of Energy Forest and Their Cultivation Technology in Dry-Hot Valley of Jinsha Rive

以元谋干热河谷几种适应性强、生长快、薪材产量高、热值高的能源林树种为研究对象,在调查树种生态适应性基础上,比较了不同整地方式对造林效果的影响,同时对不同树种薪炭材产量和热能潜力进行比较分析。结果表明:元谋盆地为代表的金沙江干热河谷培育农村能源林,最适宜树种是赤桉(泰)、柠檬桉、赤桉、尾叶桉、新银合欢等,局部水肥条件好的地方可以选种大叶相思、马占相思等树种;这些树种均以撩壕整地的造林效果好于块状整地;各树种生物量及固定太阳辐射能的能力均以赤桉(泰)、柠檬桉、尾叶桉、赤桉和新银合欢较高。提出了在金沙江干热河谷地区培育农村能源林,应该选择赤桉、柠檬桉、尾叶桉和新银合欢等树种,采用容器育苗、撩壕整地、追施有机基肥、雨季初期取苗造林等综合配套的营造林技术。

Several tree species of energy forest with high adaptability,rapid growth,high yield and calorific value were studied in the dry-hot valley of Yuanmou,Yunnan province.The ecological adaptability of these tree species was investigated and the afforestation effects were compared with land preparation methods,and the comparative analysis was conducted in the yield and thermal potential of different tree species.Results showed that the most suitable trees for the cultivation of rural energy forest in the dry-hot valley of Yuanmou are Eucalyptus camaldulensis var.tailanthensis,E.camaldulensis,E.citriodora,E.urophylla and Leucaena leucocephala,while Acacia auriculaeformis and A.mangium can be cultivated locally iny forest with high adaptability,rapid growth,high yield and calorific value were studied in the dry-hot valley of Yuanmou,Yunnan province.The ecological adaptability of these tree species was investigated and thEucalyptus camaldulensis var.tailanthensis,E.camaldulensis,E.citriodora,E.urophylla and Leucaena leucocephala were higher than the other trees.The result suggests that Eucalyptus camaldulensis var.tailanthensis,E.camaldulensis,E.citriodora,E.urophylla and Leucaena leucocephala can be selected in the dry-hot valley of Jinsha river to cultivate energy forest by comprehensive technologies of container nursery,trench soil preparation,dressing organic base fertilizer and afforestation in rainy season.