堰塘生态价值量化分析与工程应用

Quantitative Analysis and Application of Ecological Value in Pond

指出了随着经济发展所需建设用地的增加,区域生态安全受到严重威胁,大型工程项目的建设,使得土地利用类型发生变化,直接导致生态服务价值损失。堰塘作为成都平原独特的生态系统,不仅具有生产生活服务功能,更是在净化空气、小气候调节、水源涵养等方面具有重要贡献。基于Costanza提出的生态服务价值理论,以四川盆地为生态大区,对当量因子进行了修正,提出了一套适用于成都平原堰塘生态系统服务功能价值系数,并结合成都天府国际机场项目规划区域,进行了生态系统服务价值估算。结果表明:项目建设前后,堰塘生态系统总面积减少24.98hm2,生态系统服务价值损失高达370.62亿元。以该量化数据为依据,给出了生态补偿建议,为项目地绿地系统规划、边坡生态防护、人工湿地建设、生态建筑设计等提供了规划设计参数。此外,大尺度的生态服务价值核算理论,通过区域生态背景校正,与大型工程项目相结合,为工程项目生态建设提供了一种新的方法论。

With the increase of construction land needed for economic development,the ecological security in the region is threatened.The construction of large-scale projects makes the types of land change and directly leads to the loss of the value of ecological services.As a unique ecological system in Chengdu Plain,ponds not only have the functions of livelihood,but also make important contribution to the purification of air,microclimate regulation and water conservation etc.Based on the ecological service value theory proposed by Costanza and SichuanBasin as an ecological area,the equivalence factor has been amended to develop a set of applicable value coefficient of ecosystem services of Chengdu plain ponds,combined with ChengduTianfuInternationalAirport project planning area,this paper carried out ecosystem services valuation.The results showed that after the competition of the project,the total area of pond ecosystem decreased by 24.98 hm^2,and the loss of ecosystem service value reached as high as 37.062 billion yuan.Based on these quantitative data,this paper proposed the ecological compensation suggestions,which provides design parameters for the green space system planning,slope ecological protection,constructed wetland construction and eco-building design etc.In addition,through regional ecological background correction,the combination of the largescale ecological servicevalue accounting theory and large-scale construction projects provides a new methodology for the ecological construction of engineering projects.