从篇章时间推进看句末“了”的时体属性

The Tense-Aspect Property of Sentence-“le” from the Temporal Progression

汉语句末"了"一般被视为完成体标记,对于完成体的篇章表现,有一个特征很少被关注——逆顺序性,即完成体用于编码那些脱离时间序列的事件。可是在书面叙事篇章中,我们却发现情况远非如此简单,句末"了"可以用于推进时间的小句中。为了解释这一现象,我们通过对比英语完成体的"报道新情况"用法和特殊用法,从时间推进机制的角度考察了汉语句末"了"与时间状语、情状类型的互动关系,从而论证句末"了"兼有完成体和完整体的属性。

Sentence-＂le＂ in chinese is generally regarded as the perfect. For the discourse performance of perfect, there is a characteristic seldom concerned, counter-sequentiality, namely perfect used to encode the events outline time. But in written narrative discourse, we found that simple is far from being the case, sentence-＂le＂ can be used to advance the timeling. In order to better explain this phenomenon, we compared the perfect of report hot news in English and special usage in Australian English variant, investigate interactional relationship between sentence-＂le＂ and time adverbial, verb situation from the angle of temporal progression mechanism, thus argument sentence-＂le＂ hold two posts concurrently abour perfect and perfectivity.