养老保险对农民工城市消费的影响——基于消费水平和消费结构的分析

Impacts of Endowment Insurance on Migrant Workers' Urban Consumption:An Analysis Based on Consumption Level and Consumption Structure

农民工的城市消费既是流入地经济发展的重要推动力,也是衡量农民工城市化水平的重要指标。通过OLS模型以及倾向值匹配分析方法,实证检验了企业职工基本养老保险对农民工城市消费的影响。结果表明,参与职工养老保险能够提高农民工的消费支出,但对其消费层次有一定的弱化作用,养老保险能够降低未来不确定性风险进而提高消费支出,但其作用主要在体现在基本消费支出方面,因此农民工的消费恩格尔系数随着其消费支出的增加而增大。要扩大农民工养老保险覆盖面,降低其养老待遇领取门槛,进而更好地发挥养老保险对农民工城市消费的促进作用。

Migrant workers＇ urban consumption is not only the driving force of the economic development of the inflow areas, but also an important indicator of its urbanization. By making use of the OLS model and the method of propensity values matching analysis, this article empirically tests the effects of the basic endowment, insurance system for enterprise employees on the urban consumption of migrant workers. The results show that to participate in the employee endowment insurance can promote the consumer spending of the migrant workers, but there is a certain weakening on the role of their consumption levels. The endowment insurance can reduce the risk of future uncertainty, thereby increase consumer spending, but its role is mainly reflected at the side of the basic consumer spending, so that the Engel consumption coefficient of the migrant workers will increase along with the increase of their consumer spending. The government should expand the coverage of migrant workers＇ endowment insurance and lower the threshold to receive pension benefits, so as to give better play to the role of the endowment insurance in promoting migrant workers＇ urban consumption.