IPBES评估报告对全球生物多样性保护的影响——以美国传粉者保护政策为例

The effects of IPBES deliverables on global biodiversity conservation strategy——an analysis based on the U.S. pollinator protection policy

作为生物多样性领域首个政府间、多学科、跨领域的综合性科学政策平台,联合国生物多样性和生态系统服务政府间科学–政策平台(The Intergovernmental Science–Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services,IPBES)将会对全球生物多样性保护及其他领域产生重要影响。本文通过分析美国传粉者保护政策的制定和实施过程,获得了生物多样性相关保护政策的制定为科学评估–政府关注–出台限制性政策措施的过程和模式。基于IPBES 2016年发布《传粉者、传粉与粮食生产评估报告》(The Assessment Report on Pollinators,Pollination and Food Production)的事实,推测IPBES交付品可能促进对新烟碱类农药产业和蜂产品尤其是野生蜂产品交易限制性政策的产生。并进一步分析了IPBES交付品可能在全球以及我国生物多样性保护及其相关领域带来的影响,比如可能通过促进生物多样性领域的科学评估,进一步主流化生物多样性保护问题,促使生物多样性保护成为重要的政治议题。本文旨在为我国建立生物多样性保护的适应性政策提供科学支持。

As a comprehensive and interdisciplinary platform on biodiversity assessments, it is foreseeable that the assessment reports and policy recommendations of Intergovemmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services （IPBES） will exert key effects on global biodiversity conservation. Based on the analysis of the pollinators protection policy formulation and implementation process in USA, this research gained the process and mode on establishment of the biological diversity related protection pol- icy, scientific evaluation-government attention-the introduction of restrictive policies and measures. Consid- ering the first thematic assessment report delivered in 2016 by IPBES, The Assessment Report on Pollinators, Pollination and Food Production, we speculated that the deliverable may facilitate a restrictive policy on the new neonicotinoid pesticide industry and bee products trade, especially wild bee products. We further analyze possible impact of IPBES deliverables on biodiversity and related protection policy in the world and China, in terms of promoting scientific research and evaluation on biodiversity and ecosystem service, mainstream- ing biodiversity conservation and bring it to be an important political issue and so on. In addition, our research will provide support for establishing adaptation policies for biodiversity conservation in China.