孙奕“老而诗工”的文学观念

Sun Yi's Literary Concept of “Old Then Poem Fine”

中国古代文学批评史上一直存在"诗能穷人""诗能达人";"穷而后工""达而后工"的争论,孙奕于《履斋示儿编》中避开了这些争论,提出了"老而诗工"的文学观念,这是学界较为新颖的立论,欧阳修、黄庭坚、杜甫、韩愈等诗人的经历皆是此观念的例证。"老而诗工"和欧阳修"诗穷而后工"的文学观念在一定范围内重合,但其又超越了欧阳修关于诗人"不得志"的限定,范围更广,立论更为客观。

In the history of Chinese ancient literary criticism, there always existed the arguments of ＂poems make people poor＂ or ＂po- ems make people rich＂ ： ＂poor then poem fine＂ or ＂rich then poem fine＂. In his ＂Lv Zhai Shi Er Bian＂, Sun Yi, avoiding these argu- ments, put forward the literary concept of ＂old then poem fine＂ which is a new argument in the academic field. The experiences of the poets Ouyang Xiu, Huang Tin -jian, Du Fu, Han Yu and so on are the cases of this concept. ＂Old then poem fine＂ coincides with Ouyang Xiu＇ s literary concept of ＂poor then poem fine＂ in some degree, but it exceeds Ouyang Xiu＇ s restriction on ＂unwillingness＂ of the poet, so this argument is more extensive and more objective.