信任的起源：一项基于公平认知与规则偏好的实验研究

The Origin of Trust：An Experimental Investigation Using Fairness Cognition and Rule Preferences

在阿玛蒂亚·森的＂合理审查＂启示下,本文通过一个四阶段的博弈实验：独裁者博弈、最后通牒博弈、规则转换博弈（加入规则出价的独裁者博弈和最后通牒博弈的变形形式）、信任博弈来表征被试的利他偏好、亲社会性、规则偏好、混合偏好和信念,并在此基础上形成其对于分配方案的公平认知。最后检验上述变量对信任决策的影响,结果发现个体信任水平与其利他偏好、亲社会性、混合偏好及规则偏好无关,但却显著依赖于公平认知。

Inspired by Amartya Sen＇s ＂reasoned scrutiny＂,we design an experiment that combines a dictator game,an ultimatum game,a rule-conversion game in which subjects can bid to switch from the dictator game to the ultimatum game,and finally the trust game.By eliciting subjects＇ altruism,pro-social preferences,rules preferences,mixed preferences,and beliefs,we measure fairness cognition about distribution proposals,and examine the roles of these preferences and fairness cognition trust behaviors using structural equation modeling.The trust game experiment shows positive correlation between each subject＇s trust and their fairness cognition but no relation with other factors.