实习护生职业认同感现状及其影响因素分析

Professional identity and its influencing factors of practice nurses

目的探讨实习护生职业认同感现状及其影响因素,为制定有针对性的干预措施提供依据.方法采用目的抽样法,选择2016年1月1日—12月31日在哈尔滨某三级甲等医院实习的护生200人为研究对象.采用一般情况调查表和护士职业认同感量表测量实习护生职业认同感现状及其影响因素.结果实习护生职业认知评价得为（27.38±7.38）分,职业社交技能为（25.33±5.38）分,职业社会支持为（22.35±4.66）分,职业挫折应对为（24.22±4.97）分,职业自我反思为（11.84±2.61）分,职业认同感量表总分为（111.12±13.11）分.性别、学历、实习时间是影响实习护生职业认同感的因素（P〈0.01）.结论实习护生职业认同感受多种因素影响,学校或实习单位应采取有针对性的干预措施,提高实习护生的职业认同感,降低离职率的发生.

Objective To explore the current professional identity and its influencing factors of practice nurses, and provide basis for the establishment of targeted interventions. Methods A total of 200 practice nurses worked in a Class Ⅲ Grade A hospital of Harbin from January 1, 2016 to December 31, 2016 were recruited in the study using objective sampling method. The general questionnaire and Nurses＇ Occupational Identity Scale were used to analyze the current professional identity and its influencing factors of practice nurses. Results Scores of practice nurses in different dimensions including occupational cognitive evaluation, professional social skills,professional social support,occupational frustration response, and occupational self-reflection were （27.38±7.38）, （25.33±5.38）, （22.35±4.66）, （24.22±4.97）,and （11.84±2.61） points respectively. The total score of professional identity was （111.12±13.11） points. Gender, education, internship time were influencing factors that affecting the professional identity of practice nurses. Conclusions The professional identity of practice nurses is affected by a variety of factors （P〈0.01）. Universities or internships should take targeted interventions to improve the professional identity of nursing students and reduce the demission rate.