苦豆子绿肥对甜瓜生长及营养特性的影响

Effects of Sophora alopecuroides Green Manure on Growth and Nutrient Characteristics of Melon

通过苦豆子绿肥不同施肥量水平的盆栽试验,研究了苦豆子绿肥对立架甜瓜干物质和养分吸收的影响。结果表明:与仅施用化肥(M0)处理相比,化肥与苦豆子绿肥配施处理均能提高立架甜瓜的干物质量、叶中氮与钾的含量、整株氮磷钾积累量、果实纵横径以及单果重,其中整株干物质量、氮和钾积累量在苦豆子施用量为200~300 g/株(M2和M3)时增效最显著,分别较M0处理增加了20.40%~42.41%、35.65%~89.58%和30.86%~62.62%;叶中氮和钾含量在苦豆子施用量为200~400 g/株(M2~M4)时增效最显著,分别较M0处理增加了8.22%~75.45%和2.72%~34.33%;果实纵径、横径和单果重均在M2处理时达到最大值,分别较M0处理增加了32.65%、23.82%、48.48%。立架栽培条件下栽培甜瓜,推荐苦豆子绿肥的施用量为200~300 g/株。

The paper studied the effect of green manure（ Sophora alopecuroides） on the dry matter accumulation and nutrient absorption of trellis-cultivated melon through pot experiment of different green manure application levels. The results showed that the combined fertilization of chemical fertilizer with Sophora alopecuroides green manure could increase the dry matter content of trellis-cultivated melon,nitrogen and potassium contents in leaf, nitrogen,phosforus and potassium accumulation of the whole plant,fruit longitudinal and travers,and single fruit weight of trellis-cultivated melon, compared with the treatment of chemical fertilizer（ M0） fertilization only. When the application of green manure was 200 - 300 g/plant（ M2 and M3）,the increase of dry matter weight,accumulation of nitrogen and potassium of the total plant was the most significant,and increased than M0 treatment by 20.40% -42.41%,35.65% - 89.58% and 30.86% - 62.62%,respectively. The contents of nitrogen and potassium in leaves of trellis-cultivated melon under M2 - M4 treatment were significantly higher than that of M0 treatment,increasing 8.22% - 75.45% and 2.72% - 34.33%,respectively. The highest fruit longitudinal and travers,and single fruit weight were gained by M2 treatment,increasing 32.65%,23.82% and 48.48%,respectively,compared with M0 treatment.The optimal Sophora alopecuroides green manure applicatuon rate was 200 - 300 g/plant for trellis-cultivated melon cultivation.