3D生物打印技术在口腔颌面部骨组织缺损修复的研究进展

Research progress of 3D bio-printing technology in treatment of oral and maxillofacial bone defects

3D生物打印是基于3D打印技术的基本原理,应用计算机辅助设计技术虚拟出待构建组织器官的三维立体结构,再利用相应的生物材料,逐层构建出实体的一种组织工程学技术。3D生物打印已在再生医学领域取得了一定成果,临床应用前景广阔。在口腔颌面部缺损修复中,3D生物打印技术可通过重建缺损部位的解剖结构,应用生物材料精确堆积出个性化植入物,使组织形态和功能得以恢复。本文对3D生物打印技术的发展及类别,3D生物打印应用于口腔颌面部骨缺损修复中的生物支架材料、细胞、生物活性因子等的研究进展进行简要综述。

Based on the rationale of 3 D printing, 3 D bio-printing serves as a sort of tissue engineering technology,utilizing computer aided design technology to build virtual three-dimensional structure of tissues and organs, and then creates the desired entity step by step with the use of corresponding biological materials. 3 D bio-printing has made several remarkable achievements in the field of regenerative medicine, with a promising prospect for clinical application. With regard to the repair of oral and maxillofacial defects, 3 D bio-printing technology reconstructs the anatomical structure of defects accurately by making use of various biological composite materials to build personalized implants layer by layer.This technology increases the stability of implants and the binding rate of implants and normal tissues. As a result, both the morphology and functions of tissues are restored. Based upon the research data both at home and abroad, the history and category of 3 D bio-printing technology as well as the progress and dynamic of biological materials, cells and bioactive factors applied in oral and maxillofacial bone defect repair were introduced in this review.