新疆和丰县高血压患病率、知晓率、治疗率及控制率的调查分析

Prevalence, awareness, treatment and control of hypertension of Hoboksar Mongol Autonomous County in Xinjiang

目的了解新疆农牧区人群高血压患病率、知晓率、治疗率和控制率,为新疆制定高血压防治策略提供参考。方法采用分层多阶段随机抽样的方法,于2015年在新疆和布克赛尔蒙古自治县30岁及以上常住居民进行调查,包括问卷调查、体格测量和实验室指标的检测。结果调查人数为750人(男性331人,女性419人),平均年龄(49.2±12.9)岁,平均BMI(26.6±4.8)kg/m2,哈萨克族111人(14.8%),汉族143人(19.1%),蒙古族496人(66.1%)。高血压的患病率、知晓率、治疗率和控制率分别为31.2%(95%CI:27.9-34.5)、51.3%(95%CI:44.8-57.6)、29.1%(95%CI:23.2-34.9)和9.4%(95%CI:5.6-13.2)。进行年龄标化后,男性高血压患病率(28.4%)低于女性(33.4%);女性高血压的知晓率、治疗率和控制率(55.0%、32.1%、10.7%)都高于男性(45.7%、24.2%、7.5%)。随着年龄的增加,高血压的患病率和知晓率呈上升趋势。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,高血压的危险因素有年龄、BMI,而高文化程度是高血压的保护性因素。结论新疆和布克赛尔蒙古自治县人群高血压的知晓率、治疗率和控制率远低于全国水平。高血压的危险因素有年龄和BMI,高文化程度是高血压的保护性因素。

Objective To evaluate the prevalence, awareness, treatment and control of hypertension in Xinjiang agricultural and pastoral areas and provide reference for the formulation of prevention and control strategies for hypertension in Xinjiang. Methods A multi-stage stratified sampling method was used to select representative samples of subjects aged ≥30 years in Hoboksar Mongol Autonomous County in 2015, including questionnaires, physical measurements and laboratory indicators. Results The were 750（331 male and 419 female）, with an average age of 49.2 ±12.9 years. The average BMI was 26.6 ± 4.8 kg/m^2, Kazakhs was 111（14.8%）, 143（19.1%） Han and 496（66.1%） Mongolians. Among of them, the prevalence, awareness, treatment and control rates of hypertension were31.2%（95% CI： 27.9-34.5）, 51.3%（95% CI： 44.8-57.6）, 29.1%（95% CI： 23.2-34.9）, 9.4%（95% CI： 5.6-13.2）, respectively. After age standardization, the prevalence of male hypertension（28.4%） was lower than that of female（33.4%）. The rates of awareness, treatment and control（55.0%, 32.1%, 10.7%） were higher in female than in male（45.7%, 24.2%, 7.5%）. With the increase of age, the prevalence and awareness of hypertension were on the rise. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the risk factors of hypertension were age and BMI and higher education level was the protective factors of hypertension. Conclusion The awareness, treatment and control rates of hypertension were far lower than the national level. The risk factors of hypertension were age and BMI,but the higher education level was the protective factor of hypertension.