髋关节骨折患者术前深静脉血栓形成的影响因素

Factors influencing preoperative deep venous thrombosis in patients with hip fracture

目的分析影响髋关节骨折患者术前深静脉血栓形成(DVT)的相关因素。方法回顾性分析280例初次髋关节骨折患者的临床资料,采用单因素和多因素Logistic回归分析探讨髋关节骨折患者术前DVT的可能影响因素。结果 280例中,术前DVT发生率为18.9%(53/280)。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,年龄≥60岁、BMI≥24kg/m2、骨折入院时间≥24h、有脑缺血性疾病史和凝血四项指标升高是髋关节骨折术前DVT的独立危险因素(P<0.05),而术前进行抗凝治疗是术前DVT的独立保护因素(P<0.05)。结论早发现、早治疗、合理使用抗凝药物以及平时健康的生活状态是降低髋关节骨折患者术前DVT发生的主要措施。

Objective To analyze the factors influencing preoperative deep venous thrombosis（DVT）in the patients with hip fracture.Methods Clinical data of 280 patients with primary hip fracture were retrospectively analyzed.The possible factors influencing DVT before operation for hip fracture were analyzed using univariate and multivariate Logistic regression analysis.Results The incidence of DVT before operation in 280 patients with hip fracture was 18.9%（53/280）.The multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that age≥60 years old,BMI≥24 kg/m2,time from fracture to hospital admission≥24 hours,with a history of cerebral ischemic disease and increase of four items of coagulation tests were the independent risk factors for preoperative DVT（P〈0.05）,while anticoagulant therapy was the independent protective factor for that in the patients with hip fracture（P〈0.05）.Conclusion Early detection and treatment,rational administration of anticoagulant drugs and healthy living are the main measures for decreasing the incidence of preoperative DVT in the patients with hip fracture.