畸怪与变形——北爱尔兰诗人保罗·马尔登的“马戏团”

Deformity,Monstrosity and Metamorphosis: Northern Irish Poet Paul Muldoon's “Circus”

当代北爱尔兰诗人保罗·马尔登在其诗作中构建了一个独特的"马戏团"。通过将凯尔特文化与当代政治想象糅合在一起,诗人创造了千奇百怪的"变形"与"想象中的动物"。本文引入当代思想家关于"畸、怪"的思考,指出在北爱尔兰政治动乱的背景之中,马尔登诗作中的畸形意象构成了其政治介入的一种方式,表现了政治空间之中生命的异化,标示了人与动物之间不再清晰的界限;同时,这些"变形"之物也变成了诗人思考未来政治的载体。怪物和畸形所表征的"变形"提供了一种"生成"和逃逸的途径,诗人借此将生命引出由政治宰制的区域,归还给其丰富多样的可能性和不可竭尽的潜能。

Contemporary Northern Irish poet Paul Muldoon has constructed a unique "circus"in his poetry.By mingling Celtic culture with contemporary political imaginations,he has created a bewildering variety of "metamorphoses" and "imaginary beings".This article introduces the thoughts of contemporary thinkers on the subjects of "deformity and monstrosity",in the context of the political troubles of Northern Ireland.Muldoon's depiction of deformed and monstrous creatures is a way of political intervention.It demonstrates the alienated state of life in the politicized space and reveals the ambiguous demarcation between man and animal.