2012-2016年重庆市涪陵区疑似预防接种异常反应监测工作分析

Monitoring of Suspected Adverse Events Following Immunization in Fuling District From 2012 to 2016

目的系统分析重庆市涪陵区2012-2016年疑似预防接种异常反应(Adverse Events Following Immunization,AEFI)发生特征,评价AEFI监测工作质量并探讨提高AEFI监测工作质量的方法。方法通过中国免疫规划信息管理系统收集2012-2016年报告的AEFI个案数据,采用描述流行病学方法进行分析。结果涪陵区2012-2016年共报告AEFI个案127例,根据疫苗接种剂次数进行估算,总报告发生率为6.96/10万剂。其中,一般反应发生率为5.81例/10万剂,异常反应发生率为0.93例/10万剂,无心因性反应、接种事故和疫苗质量事故发生。AEFI病例主要发生在1岁及以下儿童,占63.78%;在接种后1 d以内发生的AEFI有115例。结论重庆市涪陵区AEFI监测灵敏性不够,且有报告不全现象,可通过加强督导考核、强化宣传培训、完善配套措施和开展主动监测等方法,进一步提高AEFI监测工作质量。

Objective To analyze the occurrence features of adverse events following immunization during 2012-2016 in Fuling District,and evaluate the implementation of AEFI surveillance,then to improve the quality of AEFI surveillance. Methods AEFI data in 2012-2016 were collected through China Information System for AEFI Surveillance,and analyzed by the descriptive epidemiology methodology. Results There were 127 AEFI cases reported during 2012-2016,used vaccination doses,the estimated serious AEFI incidence rate was6. 96/105 doses. The general reaction incidence rate was 5. 81/105 doses,the abnormal reaction incidence rate was 0. 93/105 doses. No psychogenic reactions and inoculation accident or vaccine quality related events were reported. AEFI cases ≤ 1 year old accounted for 63. 78%; 115 AEFI cases occurred ≤ 1 d after vaccination.Conclusion The sensitivity of AEFI surveillance in Fuling district was low,and some AEFI cases weren＇t reported. It is necessary to improve the quality of AEFI surveillance by strengthening supervision and assessment,strengthening propaganda and training,perfecting supporting measures and carrying out active monitoring.