基于“人本主义”视角的贫困人口扶志扶智路径创新

Innovation of the Paths on Helping the Poor Getting Confidence and Wisdom based on the View of "Humanism"

党的十九大报告指出,坚决打赢脱贫攻坚战,要注重扶贫同扶志、扶智相结合。贫困人口既是脱贫攻坚的帮扶对象,又是脱贫致富的主体,如何激发贫困人口的内生脱贫致富动力和自我发展能力是打赢脱贫攻坚战的关键。从美国社会心理学家卡尔·罗杰斯的"人本主义"视角,探讨内生动力与贫困人口脱贫之间的关系。在贫困治理实践中,贫困人口内生动力不足主要表现为贫困人口思想僵化、贫困人口主动脱贫意愿不足、部分扶贫干部对口帮扶带动能力缺乏等,提出扶贫先扶智、扶贫需扶志、扶贫依靠脱贫产业、基层党建促脱贫、创造脱贫致富条件等内外因结合的贫困人口扶志扶智路径创新。

The 19th CPC National Congress report pointed out that we should resolutely win the battle against poverty and pay particular attention to helping people increase confidence in their own ability to lift themselves out of poverty and see that they can access the education they need to do so. The population living in poverty is not only the target of poverty alleviation efforts, but also the main group to get out of poverty and become rich. How to stimulate the endogenous power of these people and their capacity of self-development is the key to win the battle. From the perspective of ＂humanism＂ of American social psychologist Karl Ransom Rogers, the relationship between endogenous power and poverty alleviation is discussed here. In the practice of poverty management, the lack of endogenous motivation of the poor population is mainly manifested in the ideological ossification of the poor population, the lack of willingness to take the initiative to get themselves out of poverty, and the lack of corresponding help and driving ability of some poverty-stricken cadres. In this sense, innovations shall be made regarding the paths of poverty alleviation that we need to help the poor get confidence and necessary education, to rely on poverty alleviation industries, to alleviate poverty through the development of grassroots party organizations, and to create necessary conditions for poverty alleviation.