人的“主体性”的再造——基因信息技术发展对传统人权理论的重大挑战

The Recreation of Human "Subjectivity"——Challenges to the Traditional Theory of Human Rights posed by the Development of Genetic Information Technology

人类文明的发展、法治的发展、人权的发展都是建立在人的"主体性"不断演化的基础上的。传统的"主体"理论无论如何突飞猛进都是局限在人文与社会领域的,而基因技术的发展却颠覆性地把这一问题带入了自然科学领域。基因信息技术量化了人与自然界的关系,量化了人与人的关系,量化了人与自身的关系。如何重造人的"主体性"既是衡平"科学自由与技术节制"关系的关键步骤,也是关涉法律基础稳定与发展的关键命题。

The development of human civilization, the development of the rule of law, and the development of human rights are all based on the continuous evolution of human ＂subjectivity.＂ In any case, the traditional ＂subject＂ theory is limited to the humanities and social fields by leaps and bounds, but the development of gene technology has subverted this issue into the field of natural science. Genetic information technology quantifies the relationship between man and nature, the relationship between man and man, and the relationship between man and himself. How to reconstruct human ＂subjectivity＂ is not only a key step in the relationship between ＂scientific freedom and technological restraint＂, but also a key proposition related to the stability of the legal foundation and the opening of new ones.