准格尔矿区露天矿开采扰动效应评价

Evaluation on disturbance effect of open-pit mine in Jungar Mining Area

为了改善露天开采对矿山周边环境与生态造成的扰动破坏,基于绿色开采理念,从矿山开采技术考虑,提出了露天矿开采扰动指数的概念,建立了露天矿开采扰动效应评价理论,应用该理论对准格尔矿区黑岱沟、哈尔乌素露天矿2006—2015年开采扰动效应演化过程进行了研究。研究结果表明:2个露天矿近10年的开采扰动指数(SMDI)均大于零且基本呈逐年递增的趋势,表明2个露天矿通过应用多项绿色开采技术,增强了开采扰动正效应,减弱了开采扰动负效应,2个露天矿正向着绿色、协调、可持续的方向发展;同时也表明绿色开采技术对露天矿山生产的扰动补偿效应是显著的,开采扰动效应评价理论可为大型露天煤矿绿色开采指明方向。

In order to improve perturbation damage caused by opencast mining to the surrounding environment and ecology of mine,based on the green mining concept,from the mining technology itself to consider,the concept of disturbance index of open pit mining was put forward,the theory of disturbance assessment of open-pit mining was established.This theory was used to study the evolution process of the disturbance effect of Heidaigou and Ha＇erwusu open-pit mines in 2006—2015.Research results showed the SMDI（ Surface Mining Disturbance Index） of the two mines in the last 10 years were greater than zero and the trend was increasing year by year,it was shown that the two mines adopted a number of green mining techniques to enhance the positive effect of mining disturbance and weakened the negative effect of mining disturbance,the open pit was carrying in a green,coordinated and sustainable manner,it also showed that the green mining technology had significant effect on the disturbance of mine production,which can provide some reference for other large opencast coal mines.