新疆伊犁州奎屯市学龄前儿童忽视状况调查

Investigation on neglect status among preschool children in Kuitun City of Yili in Xinjiang

目的了解新疆伊犁州奎屯市学龄前儿童忽视状况,为学龄前儿童健康发展提供支持。方法在新疆伊犁州奎屯市随机抽取15所幼儿园,以园内3~6岁学龄前儿童为调查对象,共调查2 646人,对其采用儿童忽视状况评价问卷进行调查,并对结果进行统计分析。结果奎屯市学龄前儿童总体忽视人数比例为52.04%,忽视度为42.71±7.62。男童的忽视率高于女童,差异有统计学意义(χ~2=6.012,P<0.05),忽视度得分相比较差异无统计学意义。学龄前儿童年龄越大忽视率越低,忽视度得分也越低。散居儿童的忽视人数比例和忽视度显著高于集体居住方式,差异有统计学意义(χ~2值分别为72.191、12.413,均P<0.01)。教育的忽视率最低,为10.17%;忽视率最高的为安全方面,为27.74%。忽视度得分最低的为情感方面,为35.59±9.08;最高的为身体方面,为44.43±10.69。父母学历和职业与各忽视方面差异有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。家庭类型和主要抚养人对忽视各方面差异也有统计学意义(均P<0.01)。logistic回归分析显示,母亲职业、母亲学历、家庭类型和儿童年龄等变量分别进入回归方程。结论奎屯市学龄前儿童忽视状况不容乐观,需要社会、学校和家庭的共同关注以降低忽视的发生。

[Objective]To understand the neglect status among preschool children in Kuitun City of Yili in Xinjiang,provide support for the healthy development of preschool children.[Methods]15 kindergartens were randomly selected in Kuitun City of Yili in Xinjiang,and totally 2 646 preschool children aged 3 -6 years old were investigated. The child neglect evaluation questionnaire was adopted,and the results were statistically analyzed.[Results]The proportion of neglected preschool children in Kuitun City of Yili in Xinjiang was 52.04%,with the neglect degree of 42.71±7.62. The neglect rate of boys was higher than that of girls,and the difference was statistically significant（χ2=6.012,P 〈0.05）. There was no statistically significant difference in neglect scores. The older the age is,the lower the neglect rate is,and the lower the neglect score is. The number and proportion of neglected children in scattered children were higher than those in collective children,and the differences were statistically significant（χ2=72.191,12.413,both P〈0.05）. The neglect rate of education was the lowest（10.17%） while that of safety was the highest（27.74%）. The neglect score of emotion was the lowest（35.59±9.08） while that of body was the highest（44.43±10.69）.There were statistically significant differences in neglect status among different groups in parents＇ educational background and occupation（all P〈0.05）. The differences in neglect status were statistically significant among different groups in family types and major caregivers（all P〈0.05）. Logistic regression analysis showed that the variables of mother＇s occupation,mother＇s education,family type and child age entered into the regression equation.[Conclusion] The neglect status among preschool children in Kuitun City of Yili in Xinjiang not optimistic,which need the common concern of society,school and family to reduce the occurrence of neglect.