新疆维哈汉实习护生情绪劳动状况及相关因素

Emotional labor state and its related factors at Uyghur,Kazak and Han ethnic nursing students in Xinjiang

目的了解新疆维哈汉实习护生情绪劳动状况及相关因素,为干预提供参考依据。方法随机抽取新疆乌鲁木齐市3所综合医院维哈汉实习护生420(汉190名、维哈230名)作为研究对象,通过问卷调查方式了解实习护生情绪劳动现状,使用SPSS 20.0软件进行统计分析。结果维哈实习护生情绪劳动总分(33.53±5.66)及深层扮演得分(9.12±1.44)高于汉族(分别为32.45±5.17、8.17±1.65)(P<0.05);深层扮演得分率维哈汉均高于其他维度。多因素显示影响维哈族护理人员情绪劳动得分的独立因素是是否心理培训、满意度及毕业后是否从事本专业;影响汉族护理人员情绪劳动得分的独立因素分别是是否心理培训、满意度及性别(均P<0.05)。结论新疆地区维哈汉实习护生情绪劳动得分总体合理,但深层扮演得分较高,且维哈高于汉族。对于维哈民族的实习护士给予更多的心理培训、提升工作满意度、尽量从事毕业原专业等措施来减少情绪劳动负担。对于汉族实习护士应考虑到心理培训、工作满意度及性别因素加以引导。

[Objective]To understand the emotional labor state and its related factors at Uyghur,Kazak and Han ethnic nursing students in Xinjiang,provide reference for intervention.[Methods]420 Uyghur,Kazak and Han ethnic nursing students（190 Han students and 230 Uyghur and Kazak students）were randomly selected in three general hospitals as the research object,and the questionnaire survey was used to obtain the emotional labor practice state. The data were statistically analyzed by SPSS 20.0.[Results]The total score of emotional labor practice（33.53±5.66） and the score of deep acting（9.12±1.44） among Uyghur and Kazak students were higher than those among Han students（32.45 ±5.17 and 8.17 ±1.65）（P〈 0.05）. The scoring rate of deep acting in Uyghur,Kazak and Han ethnic students was higher than other dimensions. Multi-factor analysis showed that independent factors affecting the Uyghur and Kazaknurses＇ emotional labor score were psychological training,satisfaction and professional choice fit in college major,while the independent factors affecting Han ethnic nurses ＇ emotional labor score were psychological training,satisfaction and gender,all P 0.05.[Conclusion]The emotional labor score of Uyghur,Kazak and Han ethnic nursing students in Xinjiang is generally reasonable,but deep acting score is high,and the score among Uyghur and Kazak students is higher than that among Han students. For Uyghur and Kazak nursing students,it is necessary to carry out more psychological training,enhance job satisfaction,and arrange them for original professional major as far as possible,to reduce the emotional labor burden. As for Han nursing students,psychological training,job satisfaction and gender factors should be taken into guidance.