凉山州中学生海洛因使用现状及影响因素研究

Status and influencing factors of heroin use among middle school students in Liangshan

目的了解凉山地区中学生海洛因使用现状及其影响因素,以改进禁毒防艾工作。方法根据凉山地区毒品及艾滋病流行状况,以整群抽样方式在重点地区随机抽样,确定调查点。自制调查问卷。回收问卷经过甄别、排除不合格问卷后统一编号、分组。以EpiData 3.1软件录入,SPSS 18软件分析。结果共调查10 749人,其中报告使用过海洛因的350人,报告率3.3%。男生、初中生、住校生、父亲从事非农职业、残缺家庭、子女人数、家庭经济条件较好、居住农村、社区同龄人入学率（自估）〈50%、有同学吸毒、有伙伴吸毒、看见过毒品交易、家庭有HIV感染者,是海洛因使用的危险因素。结论凉山重点地区中学生海洛因使用影响因素较多,要针对性地制定有效的干预措施,以进一步推进本地区禁毒工作。

Objective To understand the status of heroin use among middle school students in Liangshan and its influencing factors,so as to improve the work of anti-drug and anti-HIV.Methods According to AIDS prevalence in Liangshan area,4 middle schools were randomly selected in Butuo county,Zhaojue county,and Xichang city for the investigation.Self-made questionnaires were used and data analysis was made by EpiData3.1 and SPSS18 software.Results Out of 10 749 respondents,350 students（3.3%）reported to have used heroin.Risk factors for heroin use included boys,junior school students,resident students,fathers engaged in non-agricultural occupation,incomplete family,number of brothers and sisters in the family,better economic conditions of households,living in rural areas,peer school enrollment rate less than 50%,classmates and friends taking drugs,students having seen drug trade and family members infected with HIV.Conclusion The rate of heroin use among middle school students is higher in the key HIV epidemic areas of Liangshan,and there are many influencing factors related to heroin use.Effective intervention measures should be taken in order to further promote drug control in this area.