重庆市某奶牛养殖项目职业病危害控制效果评价

Evaluation of control effect of occupational hazards in a dairy cattle breeding project in Chongqing City

目的对重庆市某公司奶牛养殖项目进行职业病危害控制效果评价。方法采用职业卫生现场调查,对主要职业病危害因素进行检测与分析,对职业健康监护结果进行分析,并对职业病防护设施、职业卫生管理、个人防护用品等方面进行综合评价。结果共对3个养殖场进行了职业病危害控制效果评价,作业场所噪声共检测18个点,合格率为83.3%,最大值为97.1 dB(A)。化学毒物浓度检测中,装载机司机、饲料搅拌机司机接触的粉尘浓度超出国家标准要求,其他岗位化学毒物浓度均符合要求。3个养殖场均对作业场所存在的噪声、粉尘、化学毒物设置了防护设施,职业病危害因素强度/浓度能进行有效控制。职业健康监护结果表明,各养殖场无疑似职业病者和职业病患者检出。个别养殖场存在佩戴错误的个人防护用品的现象。结论奶牛养殖项目的职业病危害风险为"一般",养殖场主要存在的职业病危害因素有噪声、粉尘、硫酸、磷酸、氢氧化钠、布鲁菌病等。3个养殖场的职业病防护措施合理,但应进一步加强对粉尘的防护,对布鲁菌病进行重点防控。加强职业卫生管理,完善职业健康检查及个人防护用品的使用。

[Objective]To evaluate the control effect of occupational hazards in a dairy cattle breeding project in Chongqing City.[Method] Using the occupation health field investigation, the main occupational hazard factors were detected and analyzed. The occupational health monitoring results were analyzed, and the comprehensive evaluation on facilities for occupational disease prevention, occupational health management and personal protective device were emergency rescue, etc was carried out.[Results] A total of 3 farms were evaluated for the control effect of occupational hazards. The 18 points of noise in workplaces were detected, and qualified rate was 83.3%, with the maximum value of 97.1 dB（A）. In the chemical poison concentration detection, the concentration of dust among drivers of the loader and fodder mixing machines exceeded the national standard, and the concentration of chemical poisons in other positions meets the requirements. Three farms all had protective facilities for noise,dust, and chemical poisons existing in the workplaces, and the intensity/concentration of occupational hazard factors can be effectively controlled. The results of occupational health monitoring showed that there were not suspected occupational disease patients or occupational disease patients in three farms. The situation of incorrect using of personal protective equipment existed in some farms.[Conclusion] The risk of occupational hazards in dairy cattle breeding projects is ＂general＂. The main occupational hazard factors in the project include noise, dust, sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, sodium hydroxide and Brucella. The protective measures for occupational diseases in the three farms are reasonable, but the protection against dust should be further strengthened, and focus on the prevention and control of Brucella. The occupational health management should be strengthened,and the occupational health examination and using of personal protective equipment should be improved.