COPD患者正念水平与自我感受负担现状及其相关性分析

Current status and correlation between mindfulness and self-perceived burden in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients

目的 调查COPD患者的自我感受负担和正念水平现状,并探讨正念水平对患者自我感受负担的影响.方法 2016年10月—2017年4月,采用方便取样方法,选择在哈尔滨某三甲医院治疗的COPD患者276例作为研究对象.采用一般资料调查表、五因素正念量表和自我感受负担量表对患者进行调查.应用Pearson相关分析和多元线性回归分析正念水平对自我感受负担的影响.结果 COPD患者自我感受负担得分（33.34±6.54）分,处于中等水平;正念水平得分（129.87±25.78）分;Pearson相关分析显示COPD患者正念水平,除观察维度外,各维度得分以及正念量表总分与自我感受负担均存在负相关（P〈0.05）.多元线性回归分析显示,正念中的描述、正念行动及不判断3个维度进入回归方程,是影响患者自我感受负担的因素（P〈0.05）.结论 COPD患者普遍存在不同程度的自我感受负担,且受正念水平的影响.医护人员可通过合理的干预措施提升患者的正念水平,以降低其自我感受负担.

Objective To investigate the current status of self-perceived burden and mindfulness of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease （COPD） patients and to explore the effect of mindfulness on patients＇ self-perceived burden. Methods From October 2016 to April 2017, a total of 276 patients with COPD were selected from a ClassⅢ Grade A hospital in Harbin by convenience sampling. The general information questionnaire, Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire （FFMQ）, Self-Perceived Burden Scale （SPBS） were used to investigate the patients. Pearson correlation and multiple linear regression were used to analyze the effect of mindfulness on self-perceived burden. Results The score of self-perceived burden of COPD patients was （33.34±6.54） with a medium level. The score of mindfulness was （129.87±25.78）. Pearson correlation showed the scores of dimensions and the total score of mindfulness except for the dimension of observation among COPD patients were negatively correlated with the self-perceived burden （P〈0.05）. Multiple linear regression revealed that three dimensions, mindfulness description, mindfulness action and no judging, entered the regression equation which were the influencing factors of self-perceived burden （P〈0.05）. Conclusions COPD patients commonly have self-perceived burden with different degrees which influenced by mindfulness. Health care providers could improve patients＇ mindfulness by reasonable intervention so as to reduce their self-perceived burden.