加工番茄刮刷采摘装置采摘过程分析

Analysis on picking process of the scraping and brushing type device for processing tomato

为揭示加工番茄刮刷式采摘装置的采摘机理,分析采摘板刮刷果实和茎秆时果实采摘受力,得出刮刷果实时果实在果蒂处受果柄拉伸和弯折力矩,该二力随采摘板的运动逐渐增大。刮刷茎秆时在果柄与茎秆连接处受果柄的弯折力矩和拉伸力,其中弯折力矩随采摘板的运动逐渐增大,拉伸力不变。由于果实与茎秆连接处和茎秆与果柄连接处连接强度较低,采摘板刮刷果实时果实从果蒂处脱落,刮刷茎秆时果实从果柄与茎秆连接处脱落,此时摘落的果实带有果柄。采摘板多次刮刷果实后果蒂发生疲劳裂纹,果柄与果实的连接强度降低,最终果实被摘落。研究结果有助于研制新型分批次加工番茄收获机械。

In order to reveal the picking mechanism of the scraping and brushing type device for processing tomato,the tomato picking force was analyzed when the picking boards scraped the fruit and the stem.It was showed that when the fruit was scraped by the picking boards,the pedicel of the fruit was stretched and bent by the stalk.At the moment,both the stretching and bending forces increased with the movement of the picking boards.Moreover,when the stem was scraped by the picking boards,the joint point between the stalk and the stem was stretched and bent by the stalk.At the moment,the bending forces increased with the movement of the picking boards,and the stretching force didn＇t change.Because of both the low connection strengths between the fruit and the stem,and between the stem and the stalk,when the picking board scraped the fruit,the fruit was picked from the pedicel.When the stalk was scraped by the picking boards,the fruit was picked from the joint point between the stalk and the stem,and the fruit picked had the fruit stalk at this condition.When the picking board repeatedly scraped the fruits,fatigue crack appeared at the pedicel position,which led to the results that the connection strength between the fruit stalk and the fruit was reduced and the fruit was finally picked.The research results will contribute to the development of a new and batch-wise harvesting machine for tomato.