小麦光腥黑粉菌的鉴别及其检测技术的研究进展

Research progress on identification and detection techniques of Tilletia foetida

小麦光腥黑穗病是小麦上的一种毁灭性病害,其病原菌被列为国内限定非检疫性有害生物,但目前国内对该病菌的认识和研究远远落后于口岸经常截获的小麦矮腥黑穗病菌、小麦网腥黑穗病菌和小麦印度腥黑穗病菌。为早期识别和检测该病菌,从源头上预防该病菌传入、流行和传播,保障我国小麦生产的安全,本综述在总结这4种小麦腥黑粉菌的冬孢子形态和生理特征差异的基础上,分析和比较了目前用于小麦光腥黑粉菌检测的激光共聚焦扫描显微、红外光谱、电子鼻和PCR等主要技术的优劣,为更好地利用这些技术来检测小麦光腥黑粉菌提供了参考。

Wheat stinking smut is a devastating disease of wheat,which is caused by Tilletia foetida Liro.This pathogen was listed as a domestic regulated non-quarantine pest,but the current knowledge and the domestic studies on the pathogen of the disease is far behind the pathogens of wheat dwarf fishy,fishy and fishy web printing which were often intercepted at ports. For help in the early identification and detection of wheat stinking smut of wheat production,guarantee the security of wheat production of our country,we reviewed the morphological and physiological characteristics of 4 types of winter spores. Further,we compared the advantages and disadvantages of diverse techniques for the detection of these 4 types of Tilletia spp. including the current wheat stinking detection by using laser confocal scanning microscope,infrared spectroscopy analysis,electronic nose and molecular detection by PCR. Above all,this review provides a reference for the better use of these techniques to detect the Tilletia foetida Liro..